Water Resource Management

Climate change can affect Singapore’s water supply due to increasingly irregular rainfall patterns, including more frequent and extended periods of dry weather. As a nation with limited water supply, achieving water resilience is a priority. Singapore has established a robust and diversified water management system through the Four National Taps:

• Local catchment water

• Imported water

• NEWater

• Desalinated water

Water Loop Illustrating Singapore's Water Management

Singapore’s Water Loop
Source: PUB, Singapore’s National Water Agency

Our Weather-Resilient Water Sources

NEWater and desalinated water are weather-resilient sources and not dependent on rainfall. They have become increasingly important water sources that can strengthen Singapore’s water resilience.

PUB is committed to ensuring a diversified and sustainable water supply through our Four National Taps. As demand for water continues to increase as our population and economy grow, it continues to plan ahead and invest in water infrastructure to ensure long-term resilience and sustainability of our water resources.

Promoting water conservation and water efficiency

Alongside ensuring a resilient water supply system, PUB also engages households and industries to conserve water to ensure sustainable growth in long-term water demand. In addition to pricing water to reflect its scarcity and encourage its sustainable use, PUB has introduced initiatives to manage water demand. These include:

Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme, to help households make well-informed choices when purchasing water fittings.

Mandatory water recycling requirements for new projects in specific water-intensive industries (e.g. water fabrication, electronics, biomedical and pharmaceuticals) from 2024, as well as the Water Efficiency Fund to encourage companies to seek continuous improvement in water efficiency.